Janus Kinase Enzymes
A family of enzymes identified as JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2. They help control functions such as cell growth, inflammation, and immune cell activity.
JAK Inhibitor
A type of drug that can inhibit the action of JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 (Janus kinase enzymes) and thus help block the growth of abnormal cells and reduce inflammation. JAK inhibitors can treat certain blood cancers as a type of targeted therapy.
Jaundice
A medical condition in which the skin and the whites of the eyes turn yellow. These symptoms can develop when the liver is not functioning properly and cannot process bilirubin, a yellow substance that results from the breakdown of red blood cells.
Jejunum
The section of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum, primarily responsible for absorbing digested food products and nutrients.
Jejunostomy Feeding Tube
Also known as a J-tube, it is a soft tube surgically inserted through the abdomen into the jejunum section of the small intestine. Liquid food and medicines can be delivered to the patient through this tube. The J-tube may be inserted for temporary assistance or for long-term nutritional therapy.
Jugular Vein
There are 6 major blood vessels known as jugular veins arranged in 3 pairs on both the left and right sides of the neck. They carry blood from the head, brain, face, and neck toward the heart.
Juicing
A process that extracts the liquid contained in fruits and vegetables. This liquid has no fiber but includes water, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Fresh juice can be part of a healthy diet, but there is no proof that drinking fresh juice can prevent or cure cancer or any other disease.
